The broad picture is well supported: the pyramids were built by organized workers who quarried stone, moved it by boat and over land, and used ramps or ramp systems to get blocks into place. Evidence from Giza points to a large, planned construction operation, not a one-off miracle.
The exact ramp design is still debated. Some researchers favor long external ramps, others think a combination of straight, zigzag, and internal ramps was used at different stages. So the safe answer is that the Egyptians used practical engineering, but the precise layout probably varied from project to project.
That matters because the mystery is not whether humans could do it. They clearly could. The real question is which combination of labor organization, transport, and ramps they used at each site.
The best evidence points to serious logistics, skilled planning, and a huge amount of coordinated effort.
The pyramids are impressive because the engineering was practical, not magical.
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